ALM UNDP

Key Vulnerabilities

• Agriculture/Food Security
• Coastal Zones and Marine Ecosystems
• Water Resources

Potential Adaptation Measures

Agriculture and Food Security

• Educational & outreach activities to change management practices to those suited to climate change
• Switch to different cultivars
• Improve pest and disease forecast and control

Water Resources

• Increase water supply, e.g. by using groundwater, building reservoirs, improving or stabilizing watershed management, desalination
• Decrease water demands, e.g.

Cook Islands - National Communication - 30 October 1999

Key Vulnerabilities

• Water Resources
• Coastal Zones
• Natural Resources
• Agriculture/Food Security
• Health

Potential Adaptation Measures

Agriculture and Food Security

Information Gaps

• Understanding of areas most vulnerable to changes in weather patterns
• Understanding causal factors leading to insect and disease outbreaks
• Identification of most suitable plants, crops, varieties and cultivars to climate change
• Additional methods of quarantine to reduce further pests and diseases

Key Vulnerabilities

• Agriculture/Food Security
• Coastal Zones and Marine Ecosystems
• Water Resources
• Public Health

Potential Adaptation Measures

Agriculture and Food Security

• Educational & outreach activities to change management practices to those suited to climate change
• Switch to different cultivars
• Improve and conserve soils
• Enhance irrigation efficiency and/or expand irrigation
• Improve pest and disease forecast and control

Water Resources

• Increase water supply, e.g.

Key Vulnerabilities

• Agriculture/Food Security
• Water Resources
• Land Resources

Potential Adaptation Measures

Agriculture and Food Security

• Switch to different cultivars
• Improve and conserve soils
• Enhance irrigation efficiency and/or expand irrigation
• Agricultural research and transfer of technology
• Improve pest and disease forecast and control

Water Resources

• Increase water supply, e.g. by using groundwater, building reservoirs, improving or stabilizing watershed management, desalination
• Decrease water demands, e.g.

Key Vulnerabilities

• Agriculture/Food Security
• Coastal Zones and Marine Ecosystems
• Water Resources
• Fisheries
• Disasters
• Soils
• Tourism
• Biodiversity

Potential Adaptation Measures

Agriculture and Food Security

• Switch to different cultivars
• Improve and conserve soils
• Enhance irrigation efficiency and/or expand irrigation
• Agricultural research and transfer of technology
• Develop new crops
• Improve pest and disease forecast and control

Water Resources

• Increase water supply, e.g.

Albania - Second National Communication - 23 November 2009

Key Vulnerabilities

• Water Resources
• Agriculture
• Forestry
• Energy
• Tourism and Settlements

Potential Adaptation Measures

Water Resources

• Construction of a series of dams parallel and perpendicular to the coastal line and refilling
• Supplying the sea with the sediments to restore beaches (example Sochi/Batumi, Black Sea)
• Building with “nature” techniques

Agriculture

• Change in planting dates and cultivars
• Implementation of practices to conserve moisture (agro-technique measures like conservation tillage to protect the soil from wind and water erosion; retain moisture by reducing evaporation and increasing infiltration of precipitation into the soil;
• Biotechnology -development of “designer cultivars” to adapt to stresses (heat, water, pests and disease, etc.) of climate change

Forestry

• Preparing and applying of the seed stands and seed stand orchards designs to have the selected seeds of more adapted species to climate changes.
• Experiment the adapted indigene and exotic forest species to rehabilitate burned different forest terrains.
• Research on Optimum Land Use Planning, erosion protection, forest protection, biodiversity, conservation, fire hazards, and climate change capacity

Energy

• Increasing generation from new very efficient combined cycle thermal power plants in order to support reduction of all HPPs in general and Drini River Cascade in particular from the climate change;
• Planning of the rehabilitation of Fierza, Komani and Vau i Dejes HPPs (Drini River Cascade) shall take into consideration the climate change, which is going to reduce their production and their availability;
• Planning of the construction of small hydro power plants shall take into consideration the climate effect.
• Regional development programs, plans and policies and climate change concerns in the Drini River Cascade integrated
• Planning of the construction of new medium and large hydro power plants shall take into consideration the climate change, which is going to reduce their production and their availability;
• Establishment of capacities to monitor and respond to anticipated climate change impacts in the Drin River Cascade at the institutional and community levels.

Tourism and Settlement